ELLA BAKER

Feeling Rebloggy

Ella Baker began her involvement with the NAACP in 1940. She worked as a field secretary and then served as director of branches from 1943 until 1946.

Inspired by the historic bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, Baker co-founded the organization In Friendship to raise money to fight against Jim Crow Laws in the deep South.

In 1957, Baker moved to Atlanta to help organize Martin Luther King's new organization, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). She also ran a voter registration campaign called the Crusade for Citizenship.

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

• On February 1, 1960, a group of black college students from North Carolina A&T University refused to leave a Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina where they had been denied service.
• Baker left the SCLC after the Greensboro sit-ins. She wanted to assist the new student activists because she viewed young, emerging activists as a resource and an asset to the movement. Miss Baker organized a meeting at Shaw University for the student leaders of the sit-ins in April 1960. From that meeting, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee -- SNCC -- was born 

• Adopting the Gandhian theory of nonviolent direct action, SNCC members joined with activists from the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) to organize the 1961 Freedom Rides. 
• In 1964 SNCC helped create Freedom Summer, an effort to focus national attention on Mississippi's racism and to register black voters.

~Ella Baker Center 

Learn More About Ella Baker:

http://ellabakercenter.org/about/who-was-ella-baker 

Janet Harmon Waterford Bragg: First Black Woman To Earn A Commercial Pilot's License

    A contemporary and colleague of Willa Brown, Janet Harmon Waterford Bragg was the first black woman to earn a commercial pilot’s license. She had to try a second time in Chicago because the examiner in Tuskegee, Alabama refused to issue a license to a “colored girl.” She was a founder and charter member of the Challenger Aero Club, which eventually led to the National Airmen’s Association of America and the Coffey School of Aeronautics.

     Bragg also promoted the field of aviation in the 1930s through a regular column in the Chicago Defender newspaper.
     Born the youngest of seven children in Georgia, Bragg moved to Illinois to live with her sister and work as a nurse after graduating from Spelman College. She decided that she wanted to learn to fly after seeing a billboard that read “Birds learn to fly. Why can’t you?” She was the only woman in a class with 24 black men at Curtiss Wright Aeronautical School in Chicago. The school was a ground school and had no means of offering flight training. She used the money she earned from working as a nurse to purchase a plane of her own and rent it out to other pilots.
     Since black pilots were restricted from using white airports, Bragg along with several of her classmates and aviation instructors formed the Challenger Aero Club and built an airfield in the all-black town of Robbins, Illinois. In 1931, the Challenger club began an annual flyover at Chicago’s Lincoln Cemetery to honor Bessie Coleman.

~The Fresh

Read More:
http://www.therefresh.co/2018/03/15/bessie-willa-and-janet-unsung-heroines-in-aviation-history/

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Loving The World By Loving Self: GO GET YOUR LIFE!

Proto Feminist Daisy Bates As Civil Rights Leader

Feeling  Rebloggy 

When Daisy Bates was three years old her mother was killed by three white men. Although Bates, was just a child, her biological mother’s death made an emotional and mental imprint on her. The unfortunate death forced Bates to confront racism at an early age and pushed her to dedicate her life to ending racial injustice.

Daisy Bates was born in Huttig, Arkansas in 1914 and raised in a foster home. When she was fifteen, she met her future husband and began travelling with him throughout the South. The couple settled in Little Rock, Arkansas and started their own newspaper. The Arkansas Weeklywas one of the only African Americn newspapers solely dedicated to the Civil Rights Movement. The paper was circulated state wide. Bates not only worked as an editor, but also regularly contributed articles.

Naturally, Bates also worked with local Civil Rights organizations. For many years, she served as the President of the Arkansas chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)....

[After Thurgood Marshall and other NAACP attorney's like feminist Pauli Murray helped him win Brown v The Board Of Education, the behavior of white people didn't change. Whites didn't jump up and willingly comply with the law willingly with their superiority at stake. 

One we had won the right to have the same quality schools, books, and supplies as white children, we had to fight at the local level to make white school boards comply with the new law of the land.] 

When the national NAACP office started to focus on Arkansas’ schools, they looked to Bates to plan the strategy. She took the reins and organized The Little Rock Nine.

Bates selected nine students to integrate Central High School in Little Rock in 1957. She regularly drove the students to school and worked tirelessly to ensure they were protected from violent crowds. [The newspaper she owned with her husband kept black support at their backs] She also advised the group and even joined the school’s parent organization.

Due to Bates’ role in the integration, she was often a target for intimidation. Rocks were thrown into her home several times and she received bullet shells in the mail. The threats [eventually] forced the Bates family to shut down their newspaper.

https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/daisy-bates 

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REDUCING THE MYSTICAL PATH TO MORALITY TO SOMETHING MANAGEABLE

If we reduce the mystical Path ([Christian...]Kabbalistic, Taoist, etc) to nothing more then a way of becoming a more moral person, then we spit on the thousands of Sages and the millions of texts they spent their lives preparing for us. We wouldn't need all of these teachings for something so trivial to understand as building better moral and civic values, this only requires common sense.

The Path of Illumination is not a mere process of becoming a better thinker, a more ethical person or a civic leader, these things are side effects; the Path is about revealing the spiritual worlds concealed from us, to expand awareness and connection and grow to new degree of conscious evolution beyond the mere five senses, in fact it is to reveal a new higher sense of reality entirely.

If you're not aiming yourself toward this kind of illumination, you haven't understood what the [s]ages of the past are clearly telling us.

The All is not limited, It is infinite - so don't limit yourself or your experience. Demand more, push, grow, expand.

For those that scuff at this, and they are many, remember that their philosophies are produced by the very same limited mind that we're trying to move beyond. They have refused to Exodus from their ego thinking so now in their laziness they must also pull you down in fear and envy.

Don't fall for this - you are eternal and life is simply a game where you can learn to expand beyond the temporal, this is the only purpose of your life - to know (experience) more with each breath without limit.

You will become what you agree is possible; infinity is possible ?

~ Ty Raz Iyahu
*******************************

Mark 12:30 -31Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.' The second is this: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no commandment greater than these

John 10:10The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full.

Start your heart and thoughts in this place and move forward. See what's out there in the world for you!

MOVING!
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JO ANN ROBINSON AND THE BLACK WOMEN INITIATED THE MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT

   Feeling Rebloggy

     ...Soon after arriving in Montgomery, Robinson was verbally attacked by a public bus driver for sitting in the "whites only" section of the bus. When she became the WPC's president the following year, she made desegregating the city's buses one of the organization's top priorities.
     The WPC repeatedly complained to the Montgomery city leaders about unfair seating practices and abusive driver conduct. But the group's concerns were dismissed, leading Robinson to begin laying plans for a bus boycott by the city's African American community. Following Rosa Park's arrest in December 1955 for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white person, Robinson and a few associates jumped into action. They copied tens of thousands of leaflets and distributed them across the city, calling for a one-day boycott.
     Following the overwhelming success of the one-day boycott, Montgomery's black citizens decided to continue the campaign, establishing the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) to organize the effort and electing Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. as the MIA's president.

Walking by Charles Henry Alston. Walking recalls the bus boycotts in the 1950s and anticipated the civil rights marches of the 1960s. The work not only depicts the spirit and conviction of the civil rights protest, it also references the significant role of women and youth in the movement. 

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, gift of Sydney Smith Gordon, © Charles Alston Estate. Object number 2007.2

https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/jo-ann-robinson-heroine-montgomery-bus-boycott

Ava DuVernay Presents The 25 Women Directors Who Have Helmed QUEEN SUGAR

"Here are the 25 women directors who have helmed QUEEN SUGAR over our past three seasons. For 21 of them, it was their first episode of television. 

They’ve since gone on to direct for many other shows:

• American Crime. 

• Underground. 

• Scandal. 

• Grey’s Anatomy. 

• Power. 

• Ozark. 

• Transparent. 

• 13 Reasons Why. 

• Insecure. 

• Luke Cage. 

• Greenleaf. 

• Dear White People. 

• Black Lightening. 

• Love Is. 

• Agents of SHIELD. 

• Survivors Remorse. 

• Star. 

• Chicago Med. 

• The Fosters. 

• Claws. 

• The Chi. 

The list goes on.

These women just needed a first YES.

To my fellow Executive Producers, to the studio execs, to the network decision makers, as you staff up for fall, consider saying: YES"

~Ava DuVernay

(facebook post)

The black female images we're seeing on television and in the movies is the result of black women pulling other black women up.

The result has been that other groups see our stories as worth telling. HIDDEN FIGURES might not have gotten made if shows like Scandal hadn't proven a show with a black female lead couldn't capture and hold an audience for years -- maybe if Shonda Rhimes hadn't taken over an entire night of television on ABC for a few years.



Ava DuVernay, Shonda Rhimes and Mara Brock Akil have all put black women in front of the camera and behind the camera. They are giving black female life to Hollywood. 

We as black women are the sheroes we've been waiting for. 

And we are putting positive black female images on television and in the movies that black girls will be able to value and emulate and dream about from now on.



QUEEN SUGAR is on Oprah Winfey's OWN on Wednesday Nights This Summer

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FRANCES ELLEN WATKINS HARPER

Feeling Rebloggy
Frances E.W. Harper was a Black poet, writer, and lecturer, as well as an anti-slavery, women's rights, and temperance activist.

Harper was from Baltimore, MD., where she attended Baltimore's Academy for Negro Youth school. There she studied Greek, Latin, and the Bible. Writing poetry as a teenager, she started her career as a writer in 1845 by publishing the poetry collection, "Forest Leaves."

Her second career, as an activist, began almost a decade later. Harper taught school for several years at Union Seminary in Ohio, and later in Pennsylvania. But in 1853, when Maryland began prohibiting free Blacks from entering its borders, Frances Ellen Harper was moved to action. The next year, moving to Philadelphia, she became active in the anti-slavery movement. Soon, Harper became one of the few Black women to go on the anti-slavery lecture circuit. She proved to be such a popular speaker that over the next six years, the Maine and Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Societies sent her throughout New England, Ohio, and New York, and as far away as Detroit and Canada.

Harper often quoted original poetry in her lectures, and consequently her reputation as a poet spread as far as her speaking tours. Her second volume of poetry, Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects, sold 10,000 copies and was then enlarged and reprinted. Harper published several more volumes of poetry and reprinted new editions of her poems many times. In the process, she became the most famous Black poet of her time.

During the next few decades, she began to focus on racial uplift, moral reform, temperance, and women's rights. Many of Harper's lectures were to women's clubs and associations, and some of her most popular speeches were on the rights and roles of women in general, and Black women in particular. Harper was also active in the temperance movement. She lectured widely on the evils of alcohol, directed the Northern United States Temperance Union, and became the first Black woman to be recognized on the Red Letter Calendar of the World Woman's Christian Temperance Union, which honored prominent temperance activists.

Here again, Harper tailored her activism to reach the Black community. She directed what were then called the colored branches of the Philadelphia and Pennsylvania Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and in 1883, became national superintendent of temperance work among Blacks.

Throughout all of her political activism, Frances Harper continued to write, and in the 20th century, she is best remembered as one of the earliest Black women writers.

Harper's best-known work, is the 1892 novel Iola Leroy. Many reviewers called Iola Leroy the crowning effort of Harper's life. She continued writing until a few years before her death in 1911.

Harper provided a model for the best of what any 19th-century woman could be as a Black woman. In making a point of

writing about and speaking to other Black women, she set a high standard for a generation of Black women's activism.

Source: https://www.facebook.com/gary.perkins.7/posts/10204697435033261?

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A BRIEF HISTORY OF SPELMAN COLLEGE

Reported As Spelman's First Graduating Class

1881

• Founded as Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary by Sophia B. Packard and Harriet E. Giles
• School opens April 11 in basement of Friendship Baptist Church, the Rev. Frank Quarles, pastor

1882

• Two more teachers commissioned by the Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society join Packard and Giles in "basement school"
• Packard and Giles introduced to John D. Rockefeller who pledges $250 to the school

1883

• Moved to present site occupying nine acres and five frame buildings
• "Model School" to train student-teachers opens

1884

• Name changes to Spelman Seminary in honor of Mrs. Laura Spelman Rockefeller and her parents Harvey Buel and Lucy Henry Spelman, longtime activists in the antislavery movement.

1885

• Spelman students print first issue of the Spelman Messenger
• Sophia Jones, M.D., first black female to join the faculty

1886

• Rockefeller Hall dedicated
• Nurse training department begins

1887

• First Spelman class graduates receiving high school diplomas

1888

• Packard Hall dedicated
• Spelman incorporated under Board of Trustees
• Charter granted by state of Georgia
• Henry L. Morehouse becomes first president of Board of Trustees..
  
  Read More: https://www.spelman.edu/about-us/history-in-brief

     Because Atlanta would not open a black public high school until 1924, the first generation of Spelman students enrolled in courses equivalent to high school instruction. In 1887, Spelman awarded its first diplomas at this level. Two women received the school’s first baccalaureate degrees in 1901.
     In Spelman’s first decades, a series of notoriously strict presidents, all friends of the Rockefeller family from the Northeast, required students to adhere to the standards of   Victorian-era feminine propriety. Women wore hats and gloves in public, and they needed special written permission to travel off campus.  Under the title “domestic training,” they learned domestic skills such as sewing, cooking, and laundry work. Two of the school’s founders, Harriet Giles and Sophia Packard,

believed that former slaves lacked correct work habits, so they demanded that Spelman students rise at four thirty each morning to wash and iron their clothes, a practice that continued into the 1920s.
      Spelman’s curriculum focused heavily on teacher training, although the school also initiated a nursing program in 1886 ...

BLACKPAST.ORG 

Read More: https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/spelman-college-1881/ 

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LOVING THE WORLD BY LOVING SELF: Check ALL Your Relationships

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DYING OF WHITENESS: A Book On The False Promises Of White Supremacy

     With the rise of the Tea Party and the election of Donald Trump, many middle- and lower-income white Americans threw their support behind conservative politicians who pledged to make life great again for people like them. But as DYING OF WHITENESS shows, the right-wing policies that resulted from this white backlash put these voters’ very health at risk—and in the end, threaten everyone’s well-being.
     Physician and sociologist Jonathan M. Metzl travels across America’s heartland seeking to better understand the politics of racial resentment and its impact on public health. Interviewing a range of Americans, he uncovers how racial anxieties led to the repeal of gun control laws in Missouri, stymied the Affordable Care Act in Tennessee, and fueled massive cuts to schools and social services in Kansas. Although such measures promised to restore greatness to white America, Metzl’s systematic analysis of health data dramatically reveals they did just the opposite: these policies made life sicker, harder, and shorter in the very populations they purported to aid.  Thus, white gun suicides soared, life expectancies fell, and school dropout rates rose.
     Powerful, searing, and sobering, Dying of Whiteness ultimately demonstrates just how much white America would benefit by emphasizing cooperation, rather than by chasing false promises of supremacy.

https://www.dyingofwhiteness.com/?

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Remembering The Central Park V Ahead Of Ava DuVernay's WHEN THEY SEE US

For me, the story of THE CENTRAL PARK V started with me seeing a newspaper with the headline "WOMAN RAPED IN CENTRAL PARK" lying on the lunchroom table as I arrived at work.

The first thing I thought was "And water is wet." 



I kept on tippin' down the hallway in my pencil skirt and not-very-sensible pumps. But I doubled back. It took me about 5 to 7 seconds to realize that I'd just seen a headline, not a tiny blurb in a back section where rapes are usually reported in the newspaper.

When black and brown women, mostly domestics on their way to white homes on the other side of  Central Park, were being gang raped their rapes were barely worth a sentence of two.

But somehow, on that particular day, the rape of a nobody --someone with no celebrity status at all-- had made it onto the front page.

I went back to the lunch table, put my briefcase down and snatched up the news paper. I just skimmed the article. I didn't even read what happened to her, not really. I read just enough to see the word "wilding" and understand that this was now the vogue term for a gang rape involving a vicious beating. But all I was looking for was the information that I already knew was there.

The rape of a white woman is the only rape that could make the first section of a major newspaper. But it took class and status, both, to put her on the front page. So not only was she white, but -- as I recall-- she had a degree from a primo school if not an ivy league school and a fancy financial job to match.

But ya know what? 

Just as we saw in O J Simpson case, a crime against a white woman doesn't matter a lick until the accused is black. 

I promise you, if this woman had been raped and beaten just after school on a basketball court setting just to one side of at a 99% white private school, there would have been gasps of shock that it could happen in such a place. But that's would have been a major news story for a month, max. And that's only if the rich Mommy and Daddies of the "misunderstood" white teenaged gang rapists let the story get anywhere near a major newspaper 

There certainly wouldn't have been a NYC cop manhunt put together to find the rapist of one woman. 

 So let us review. There are 4 criteria that must be met for a rape to make the front page in 1980s/1990s America

The woman must be
1) white
2) ivy league school (or a close equivalent)
3) making today's equivalent of 6 figures
4) and likely have black assailants


When The Central Park V were rapidly arrested, I'd be willing to guess that 96% of us black and brown folks, living in the area at the time, knew they didn't do it. We knew the cops had randomly picked up some black and brown kids.
At the same time, the white people reading the same newspapers, 95% of whom considered themselves non-racists while holding extremely racist views, looked on with glee as these boys were arrested. 

And the only initial evidence of their guilt was that they were in the park SOMEWHERE while being black or brown. 

Non-violent, non-N-word-using racists who don't believe they are racists don't look for chains of evidence that make sense. Before the coerced confessions came they absolutely could not conceive of young black boys, as barely more than children, browbeaten and lied to, who would say almost anything, confess to just about anything for so long as the accusations will stop and they can see their parents -- after hours and hours of interrogation. 

I believe they were interrogated without their parents upwards of 12 hours.

And white folks reading the news had no problem with this or the legitimacy of their confessions. Why? White racists see big black rapist men no matter the age or size of the black boy.

Marmalade Maggot was living in NY at the time too. That Racist-In-Chief, currently in the White House leading the country off a cliff, took out a full page ad in major newspapers calling for these boys to be executed. Some 25 to 30 years later, when he was running for president, he refused to take his accusation back despite another man, a rapist by profession, having confessed to the crime.

Please Note: 

Mr. Grab-Em-By-The-P*ssy hasn't taken out an ad endorsing Harvey Weinstein's execution. And we know why. Birds of a repulsive white feather flock together.

When you finally get to watch DuVernay's series, don't forget to keep an eye out for just how the white mainstream press helped put those boys in prison. At least one of those kids was inside for 13 years.  

JOAN MORGAN ON SPREADING THE F-WORD

I came out of the womb a feminist. It is my natural state. Racism made me fully aware that I'd have to demand partnership, parity, and respect from everyone, including males without having to be the same as a male. 

In other words, I expect to have to work for equality without sameness in regards to race and gender both. 

I raised myself up in a feminist mindset because of the failures I saw too close to home and inside my home.

And I became an even stronger feminist, at college, when I realized how women weren't telling their own stories, their own history -- not even within black history.  

But there was a time when I moved away from the word "feminist" because I simply stopped thinking about it in my day to day life. And the f-word was so despised in the black community that I deliberately let the f-word drift away even further when various things came up. I don't think I ever got as far as denying my feminism out loud, as Toni Morrison has. But I was very silent.  

Then Joan Morgan published a little book called "When The Chickenheads Come Home To Roost" and it brought me all the way back to my sisters for good.

JOAN MORGAN SAID:

"When I wrote 'Chickenheads...' The vast majority of my black girlfriends did not identify as feminists. A few worried that anyone would read a book about hip-hop and feminism since, as I wrote back then most Sistas I knew weren't [screwing] with the F-word.

All of them were happy for me but truth be told, many of them didn't read the book until many years later. Some of them still haven't read it.

But I must say that it gives me great joy to watch their daughters identify proudly, unabashedly, unequivocally as Black and Brown Feminists across multiple platforms in social media.

It amazes me to no end that some of them have superstar pop icons that also identify as Black Feminist. This feminist journey was slow and often hard and sometimes lonely but I am humbled and heartened by the company I keep. Y'all might not have been feminists (I think you were, you just didn't know it) but y'all raised some mighty ones. "

#LetsHearItForTheWork

https://www.facebook.com/Joan-Morgan-Writer-72604480788/?fref=nf

MY...OH MY...
HOW THINGS HAVE CHANGED OVER THE CENTURIES

ALICIA GARZA  (BLACK LIVES MATTER CREATOR)  

PATRISSE CULLORS, (BLACK LIVES MATTER CREATOR)

OPAL TOMETI (BLACK LIVES MATTER CREATOR)

Aisha Tyler
KIMBERLE CRENSHAW (INTERSECTIONALITY SOCIOLOGIST)

J K Rowling,  (HARRY POTTER)

Maria W Stewart,

Gabrielle Union,

PAULI MURRAY,

Ruth Bader Ginsberg,  (SUPREME COURT JUSTICE)

Diane Nash, (CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER)

ANNA ARNOLD HEDGEMAN,  (CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER, N.O.W. FOUNDING MEMBER)

Zora Neale Hurston 
Septima Clarke (CIVIL RIGHTS TEACHER)
Aja Monet (POET, SAY HER NAME ACTIVIST)

Sonia Sotomayor, (SUPREME COURT JUSTICE)

TYRA BANKS

Salma Hayek,

Alicia Keys

Shonda Rhimes (WRITER/PRODUCER BROWNING HOLLYWOOD ONE ACTOR/ACTRESS/MUSIC ROYALTY AT A TIME 

Kerry Washington,

Viola Davis,

Margaret Cho

Tracee Ellis,

Gina Prince Bythewood (DIRECTOR)

Angela Bassett,

BARBARA SMITH,

ANNA JULIA COOPER,

Ferdinand Barnett

Jada Pinkett-Smith,

IDA B WELLS  (JOURNALIST, FIRST ANTI-LYNCHING RESEARCHING SOCIOLOGIST, NAACP FOUNDING MEMBER)

JOAN MORGAN (“WHEN THE CHICKENS COME HOME TO ROOST)

bell hooks

MELISSA HARRIS-PERRY

Malaya Yousafzai, 

Beyonce,

Don McPherson, 

DELORES HUERTA,

ANGELA DAVIS,

Daisy Bates (?)

CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE (WRITER)

Coretta Scott-King  (?)

DELORES C TUCKER, 

Ava DuVernay (DIRECTOR - Selma, Queen Sugar)
India Arie (MUSICIAN)

BEVERLY BOND (BLACK GIRLS ROCK CREATOR)
Jessica R Williams (Daily Show Comedian) John Legend (Pop Music, Producer of “Underground”)

Eva Longoria,  (Television Actor)

Maya Angelou,

AUDRE LORDE,

ALICE WALKER,

SONIA SHAH

HILLARY CLINTON,

PATRICIA HILL-COLLINS,

GLORIA STEINHEM,

DOROTHY PITTMAN HUGHES,
GLORIA ANZALDUA

SOJOURNER TRUTH
FREDERICK DOUGLASS

HARRIET TUBMAN

Ava DuVernay To Direct DC Comic's NEW GODS

     Ava DuVernay has lined up her directorial follow-up to Disney's A Wrinkle in Time.

     The filmmaker will take on Warner Bros. and DC's The New Gods, The Hollywood Reporter has confirmed. The property is a creation of the late and legendary comic book artist Jack Kirby, co-creator of Captain America, X-Men and other iconic heroes... 
     In the comics, The New Gods is part of the so-called “Fourth World Saga,” a series of four interconnected comic book series written and drawn by Kirby when he arrived at DC from rival Marvel in the early 1970s. Mixing social commentary, mythology and science fiction, it sees a war between two alien planets — New Genesis and Apokolips — arrive on Earth when the ruler of the dystopian Apokolips, Darkseid, discovers that humanity holds the key to the Anti-Life Equation, which allows its user to control all living beings in existence...

https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ava-duvernay-direct-dcs-new-gods-1094878